European Journal of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences

ASSESSMENT OF VWF LEVEL AMONG MYOCARDIAL INFARCTION SUDANESE PATIENTS

Nasma Faisal Hassan Hussein* and Amira Ahmed Khalid Humeida

ABSTRACT

Background: Myocardial infarction (MI), commonly known as a heart attack, occurs when blood flow stops to a part of the heart causing damage to the heart muscle. The most common symptom is chest pain or discomfort, which may travel into the shoulder, arm, back, neck, or jaw. Often it is in the center or left side of the chest and lasts for more than a few minutes. The discomfort may occasionally feel like heartburn. Other symptoms may include shortness of breath, nausea, feeling faint, a cold sweat, or feeling tired. About 30% of people have atypical symptoms, with women more likely than men to present atypically. Among those over 75 years old, about 5% have had an MI with little or no history of symptoms. An MI may cause heart failure, an irregular heartbeat, or cardiac arrest. Smoking appears to be the cause of about 36% and obesity the cause of 20% of coronary artery disease. Diabetes mellitus (type 1 or 2), high blood pressure, dyslipidemia/high levels of blood cholesterol (abnormal levels of lipoproteins in the blood), particularly high low- density lipoprotein, low high-density lipoprotein, high triglycerides, endometriosis in women under the age of 40 and obesity (defined by a body mass index of more than 30 kg/m², or alternatively by waist circumference or waist-hip ratio) have all been linked to MI. Von Wille-brand factor (VWF) is a blood glycoprotein involved in hemostasis. It is deficient or defective in von Wille-brand disease and is involved in a large number of other diseases, including thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura, Heyde's syndrome, and possibly hemolytic-uremic syndrome. Increased plasma levels in a large number of cardiovascular, neoplastic, and connective tissue diseases are presumed to arise from adverse changes to the endothelium, and may contribute to an increased risk of thrombosis. Objectives: This study aimed to assess the level of VWF among Myocardial Infarction Sudanese patients by measuring the mean of VWF levels and comparing it between patients and control group. Materials and Methods: This was a prospective case-control hospital-based study conducted in Alshaab governmental hospital and AL-Sudan Heart Center in Khartoum, Sudan from December 2016 to May 2017. Sixty (60) myocardial infarction patients were recruited as cases, 30 healthy people were recruited as control group. All statistical analyses were performed by SPSS software version (20). Results: In this study, any troponin level among MI cases was above 0.5 ng/ml was considered positive. The huge differences of optical density (OPD) and concentration of VWF between cases and controls were the most important findings as there was. An increase in total VWF OPD and concentration in patients with MI as compared with controls 0.63 and 0.78 in controls, 2.33 and 4.9 in MI cases respectively, VWF increasing among MI cases was strongly significant (p=.000). In addition, VWF levels were significantly increased by age (P= 0.000). Conclusion: This study concluded that; there is a strong effects of myocardial infarction on VWF level.

Keywords: Myocardial infarction, Von Wille-brand factor, Troponin.