ANTI-INFLAMMATORY AND ANTI-NOCICEPTIVE ACTIVITY OF EXTRACT AND FRACTIONS OF LEPTADENIA PYROTECHNICA
Shardendu Kumar Mishra*, Suresh Purohit, Anshuman Trigunayat and B. L. Pandey
ABSTRACT
Background: Leptadenia pyrotechnica (LP) locally known as Khimp by the inhabitants of Rajasthan and Western Uttar Pradesh and widely used as traditional medicine to cure various inflammatory and immunity related diseases. Aims: Present study investigates the anti-inflammatory and anti-nociceptive activity of ethanolic extract and its fraction of Leptadenia pyrotechnica (Decne.) in albino rats and mice. Materials and methods: The anti-inflammatory activity was evaluated against carrageenan and histamine induced paw edema. The analgesic activity was assessed against acetic acid induced writhing, formalin induced paw licking and tail flick test. Results: The ethanolic extract and its fractions of L.pyrotechnica, did not exhibited any signs of toxicity up to a dose of 4000 mg/kg. The extract and fractions significantly inhibited increase in paw edema due to carrageenan and histamine. A significant reduction in paw edema was best observed at 2 h and 4 h in carrageenan induced paw edema when compared to standard indomethacin. The extract and fractions were effective against edema induced by histamine. Nociception was induced by acetic acid, formalin and tail flick method and found significant reduction in writhing, paw licking, pain rate and tail withdrawal response respectively. The extract and fractions showed presence of potent analgesic and anti-inflammatory phytocompounds such as triterpenoids, alkaloids, polyphenols, and flavonoids which can be held responsible for its studied biological activity. Conclusion: The results propose that ethanolic extract of LP and its fractions are effective in inflammatory processes and target chemical mediators of inflammation. Its action is strikingly influenced by the inhibition of reduction in vascular permeability, leukocyte migration, antioxidant action, reduction in pains both centrally and peripherally, and reduction in inflamed tissue.
Keywords: Inflammation, Nociception, Leptadenia, Formalin, Carrageenan.
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