European Journal of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences

FEATURES OF SPORT PHENOTYPE, SAMOTOTYPE AND PSYCHOTYPES OF FOOTBALL PLAYERS WITH DIFFERENT VARIANTS OF ?-ACTININE GENES

I. R. Mavlyanov*, A. Kh. Ashirmetov, Z. I. Mavlyanov and S. T. Yulchiev

ABSTRACT

Two important aspects for athletes are endurance and power capabilities, which is varied significantly among individuals, even among well-trained athletes. In this case, 120 genetic markers linked to elite status of an athlete (77 genetic markers related to endurance and 43 genetic markers - to power/strength parameters) have been detected. ACTN3 proved to be a universal marker, displaying one of its alleles as a marker of endurance (577X), and another power / strength marker (Arg577). The research consisted of 142 players samples (aged 17-25 years old) with different backgrounds. Genotyping of DNA samples from the ACTN3 gene was carried out by real-time PCR using the Thermo Fisher Scientific kit (US) on the Gene Amp® PCR-ABI 7500 Fast Real-Time PCR. Heterozygous RX version of α-actinin gene (45%) prevails among football players of regional teams. Homozygous variants of XX and RR occur in a smaller ratio (35% / 45%). X alleles are detected somewhat more often than R alleles. The ratio of body lengths such as the Erisman, Livi, and Manhtreee and Queteus were analysed. Among players with the XX genotype of α-actinin, there is an inverse relationship. Among athletes, football players with speed and strength qualities are dominated by sanguine, and with high endurance, choleric, sanguine, phlegmatic and melancholic are equally common. in all football teams, the value for the ACTN3 gene is prevalent in the X allele (58.9%), the RR genotype is detected only 17.3% of cases, which is almost 2 times less than the frequency of genotype XX. There is a clear dependence between sports phenotype, some anthropological indicators, psychotype and genotype of α-actinin gene. The best TTD in all its manifestations is traced amongst players with RR genotype of gene being studied, but only in a short-term game. Population characters of ACTN3 polymorphism in Uzbekistan and higher prevalence of heterozygous and XX genotypes of gene under investigation in order to increase the effectiveness of teams, it is necessary to form an appropriate training process and tactics for games, including selection for forwards more football players with RR genotype for which to practice certain time limit games.

Keywords: ?-actinin; Heterozygous; ACTN3 polymorphism; Quetelet; Erisman.