European Journal of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences

SYNERGISTIC EFFECT OF GALANTAMINE CARRIED ON A NOVEL NANO-DRUG DELIVERY SYSTEM ON INDUCED HEART DISORDERS IN ALZHEIMER’S DISEASE

*Shewikar Tawfik El-Bakry and Yasser H. Abdel Rahman

ABSTRACT

Background: Alzheimer's disease AD, the most common form of dementia, usually presents with cardiac disorders including heart failure. The aim of the present study was to verify that the curative role of Galantamine (the major therapeutic drug for AD) coated with Ce/Ca-HAp (nano-drug delivery particle) on brain tissue is capable of inducing similar therapeutic capabilities in heart disorders besides its role in AD therapy. Presentation of multiple biomarkers (CK, LDH, AST, H-FABP, TAC, TOC, TNO, Na+/ATPase, Ca2+ATPase and Mg2+ ATPase) for heart disorders may induce early detection thus adding to the efficacy of the curative competence. Methods: 70 adult female albino Wistar rats (189- 200 gm) were allotted into 5 groups: Control: Gonad intact rats (8). b) Galantamine (Gal): Gonad intact rats (8) treated with galantamine. c) Alzheimer (Alz): Ovariectomized rats (22) treated orally with AlCl3 (17 mg/kg b.wt) daily for 2 months following one month surgery. d) Alz + Gal rats (16) e) Alz + Gal. + Ce/Ca-HAp rats (16). Results: Results verified marked increases in levels of CK, LDH, AST enzymes, NO, H-FABP, TOC, Ca2+ATPase and Mg2+ ATPase while TAC and TNO and Na+/ATPase levels were significantly decreased in AD rats. Histologically, intramyocardial deposits of A𝛽 peptides; narrowing of cardiac valves; increase in inflammatory cells monocytes, leucocytes and lymphocytes were viewed. Histochemically increase in total protein content and Ca ions were recorded. Marked improvements were more pronounced following GAL therapy coated with Ce/Ca-HAp than GAL alone. Conclusion: In conclusion, as cardiac damage highly presents with AD thus early detection using different biomarkers as cardiac profile (CK, LDH, AST and H-FABP) antioxidant and oxidative status (TAC, TOC and TNO) and ATPase profile (NKA, Ca2+-ATPase and Mg2+-ATPase) is vital for curative competence. Again as Ce/Ca-HAp nanoparticle presented as coating for GAL drug therapy, more promising ameliorative measures could be achieved.

Keywords: Alzheimer's disease, dementia, Galantamine, nano-drug delivery particles, cardiac disorders, cardiac enzymes, ATPase profile of heart.