RAPD AND ISSR MOLECULAR MARKER VARIATIONS IN ACORUS CALAMUS LINN.
Ningthoujam Sandhyarani Devi*, Rajkumar Kishor and Gurumayum Jitendra Sharma
ABSTRACT
Of the four cytotypes found worldwide, Acorus calamus Linn. in Manipur were found to be diploid and triploid with 24 and 36 chromosome numbers, respectively. In the present study, A. calamus accessions across 19 different populations were studied and correlated on the basis of their ploidy level. Randomly Amplified Polymorphic DNA (RAPD) and Inter Specific Sequence Repeat (ISSR) molecular markers were employed to reveal the genetic variability of the species in Manipur. Amplification of genomic DNA using 25 primers (18 RAPD and 7 ISSR) yielded 238 bands, of which 84 bands were polymorphic revealing 35.30% polymorphism. The average polymorphic information content obtained from RAPD and ISSR markers were 0.19 and 0.22, respectively. Marker index (RAPD = 0.078; ISSR = 0.106) and resolving powers (RAPD = 0.22 and ISSR = 0.26) indicated that the ISSR markers were more efficient than the RAPDs. The similarity matrix was used to construct a dendrogram based on UPGMA analysis and grouped accessions into two clusters. The dendrogram clustered the accessions as per their ploidy level.
Keywords: Acorus calamus Linn, RAPD, ISSR, genetic diversity, ?-asarone, ploidy level.
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