European Journal of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences

ANTIBIOTICS RESISTANCE PROFILE AND EXTENDED SPECTRUM BETA-LACTAMASES (ESBLS) PRODUCTION BY SALMONELLA SPECIES ISOLATED FROM HIV/AIDS SUBJECTS IN AKWA IBOM STATE, NIGERIA

Dora Imefon Udoh*, Simon James Utsaloand Anne Asuquo

ABSTRACT

The present study investigated the antibiotics resistance profile and ESBLs producing strains of Salmonella isolated from HIV/AIDS seropositive subjects in Akwa Ibom State. Stool samples from 300 HIV/AIDS seropositve persons and 300 HIV/AIDS seronegative subjects (control) were cultured for isolation of Salmonella organisms using standard microbiological techniques. Isolates were characterized and identified using conventional tests and Microgen- Gram Negative Identification System (Microgen Bioproducts, USA). Sensitivity testing on the isolates was performed by Kirby-Bauer method while ESLB - production was detected using double disc synergy antibiotics (Hardy diagnostic, USA). Plasmid profiling and plasmid curing were also carried out. A total of 79 and 13 Salmonella isolates were obtained from HIV/AIDS persons and control group. The resistance profile of Salmonella isolates from HIV/AIDS subjects showed 44.3% of the isolates expressed resistance to Ampicillin- Sulbactam, 60.8% to Tetracycline, 46.8% to Ceftaxidime, 53.2% to Ciprofloxacin and 79.8% to Sulfamethoxazole- Trimethoprim. .Isolates from control subjects expressed resistance of 61.5% to Ampicillin- Sulbactam, and Amoxicillin respectively. Isolates from HIV seropositive subjects produced ESBLs activities of 35.4%, against Amoxicillin + Clavulanic acid, Cefotaxime + Clavulanic acid (29.1%) and Cefotaxidime + Clavulanic acid (32.9% ).The organisms produced TEM and CTX- types of ESBLS. Plasmids extracted exhibited heavy molecular weight ranging 23.13kbp and above. Some isolates retained plasmids after curing. Multi-drug resistance by salmonellae in the study area was a repertoire of high molecular weight materials that are plasmid and chromosomal mediated. This calls for enforcement of laboratory examination before antibiotics prescription and administration especially in immunocompromised conditions.

Keywords: Salmonella, HIV/AIDS, Antibiotics, Resistance, Plasmids.