European Journal of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences

PREDIABETES AND TYPE 2 DIABETES AMONG YEMENI ADOLESCENTS

*Atef Z. A. (MD), Al-Ghazaly J. (MD) and Bamashmos M. A. (MD)

ABSTRACT

Background: Diabetes is one of the most common disease in school-age children. In the USA, a national data set reported that the prevalence of T2 DM in youth aged 10–19 years had increased by 30.5% between 2001 and 2009. Type 2 diabetes usually develops slowly and insidiously in children. Obese children and adolescents affected by IGT and type 2 diabetes are characterized by severe insulin resistance, the deterioration in β-cell function in youth with type 2 diabetes is more accelerated (∼15% per year) than that observed in adults. This would suggest that early intervention, even before the prediabetic conditions are established, should be implemented to prevent further decline in β-cell function. Method: The study based on multi stages cross- sectional study aimed to assess the prevalence of prediabetes and type 2 diabetes among adolescents students in Governmental secondary schools in Sana’a city, 16 schools & 1724 pupils were selected randomly by EPI. info system. Results: Out of a total of 1601 students were enrolled in the study, 841 (52.5%) were males and 760 (47.5%) females. The average body mass index (BMI) was 19.8±3.0 (≤85th centile) for males 21±3.7 (≤85th centile) for females. The study found that the prevalence of overweight and obesity among the participants was 121(7.6%) and 51 (3.2%) respectively. Also the average of waist measurement was (78.4±7.3) with marked more in female (79.1±7.7) than male (77.8±6.9). While 24(1.5%) of participants were in IFG stage, 15(62.5%) of them were females and 9 (37.5%) males. Finley we found that 4 cases (0.2%) of participants were considered as newly identified T2 DM 3 of them were females and 1 was male. Of the 1601 students interviewed 782(48.8%) have family history of diabetes. Conclosion: Although there was no statistically significant association between the prevalence of prediabetes /type 2 diabetes and overweight or obese students, the prevalence of IFG was non–significantly higher amongst overweight and obese subjects. We found that there was a significant association between the prevalence of IFG/type 2 diabetes and family history of diabetes, making a family history of diabetes very important risk factor for development of prediabetes and type2 diabetes.

Keywords: Prediabetes, type 2 diabetes, Yemen, adolescents.