European Journal of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences

PROPORTION OF NORMAL VAGINAL DELIVERY AND CESAREAN SECTION ALONG WITH CAUSES OF CESAREAN SECTION

*Adnan Bashir Bhatti, Muhammad Usman, Farhan Ali, Siddique Akbar Satti, Nabiyah Bakhtawar

ABSTRACT

Background: This study was conducted with an objective in mind to find out the proportion of cases of caesarean Section(C-section) when compared to Spontaneou vaginal delivery (SVD). Moreover, the study was also meant to find out different causes that might be responsible for increased risk of C-section. Objective: To investigate proportion of C-section and SVD cases and find causes of C-section. Material and Methods: Study Design: It was a Cross sectional study. Study Setting and duration: The study was conducted in gynecology wards of Capital Development Authority (CDA) Hospital, Islamabad, Pakistan. The duration of the study was 3 months, from March 2014 to June 2014. Inclusion criteria: Females who had delivered, either through normal vaginal delivery or caesarean section, were selected from gynecology wards of CAD. Data Collection and analysis: Data was collected from the patients via a health questionnaire. The questionnaire comprised of several open and close ended questions in order to collect personal, social, medical and environmental data. Results: Results showed that the mean age for C-section is around 26-27 years. Illiterate women are more at risk to undergo this procedure. Moreover, higher BMI is also associated with increased proportion of C-section, as 46.3% of the female we interviewed were overweight. Finally, the most prevalent causes of C-section include previous history of C-section (33.6%), history of complications during pregnancy (27.2%), fetal distress (25.0%), hypertension (25.0%), premature birth (23.7%), mal-presentation (12.1%), post-mature birth (10.3%), diabetes mellitus (8.6%), small size of pelvis (8.2%) respectively of the all cases recorded. Conclusions: In Pakistan, C-section is on the rise in comparison to SVD. Higher BMI, illiteracy, previous history of C-section, fetal distress, maternal hypertension, premature birth, mal-presentation, post-mature birth, diabetes mellitus and small size of pelvis are the major causes.

Keywords: Mesh® headings: Pregnancy, SVD, C-section, Causes, Risk factors, Maternal age, Illiteracy, BMI.