ONE YEAR HOSPITAL BASED STUDY OF VARIOUS DERMATOSES IN NEONATES AT TERTIARY CARE HOSPITAL, SECUNDERABAD, TELANGANA
*Bhumesh Kumar Katakam, S.B. Kavitha, G. Narasimha Rao Netha, M. Shahana, T. Satyasree, J.Tulasi
ABSTRACT
Background: Neonatal skin disorders evolve much more rapidly than adults skin diseases and some conditions
that initially appear to be serious turn out to be trivial, whereas in others the opposite is true. The premature infant
is at a much higher risk of skin complication than the mature newborn due to a markedly decreased epidermal
barrier function. Aim: To determine the prevalence of various dermatoses in neonates and to assess the pattern of
various physiological and pathological dermatoses in neonates. Materials and Methods: 300 Neonatal babies
born via spontaneous vaginal delivery or lower segment cesarean section conducted in the department of OBG at
Gandhi Hospital, Secunderabad, which was conducted over a period of one year from March 2015 to February
2016. Results: The male to female ratio among the neonates was 1.06:1. 23% were born of consanguineous
marriage. Majority of mothers 84.66% were in the age group 20-29 years. Only 5 mothers were above 34 years of
age. All the neonates had at least 1 cutaneous change. The prevalence of physiological dermatoses was 72.66%
and pathological dermatoses was 53.33%.The commonest physiological dermatoses noted was mongolian spots
52.33%.The commonest pathological dermatoses observed was Erythema Toxicum Neonatorum 12.33%.
Conclusion: The neonatal period is one of rapid adaptation in which the skin plays an important role in barrier
function and thermoregulation. A host of aberrations varying from physiological and transient to grossly
pathological are seen in the skin of the neonate. In the present study, the commonest physiological dermatoses
were Mongolian spots and Erythema toxicum neonatorum was the most common pathological dermatoses
observed. There was a statistically significant relation between pathological dermatoses in the neonates and
consanguinity of parents. Recognition and understanding the neonatal dermatoses will enable the physician to
allay parental concerns and initiate further evaluation and/or treatment where necessary.
Keywords: Physiological dermatoses, pathological dermatoses and neonate.
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