STATISTICAL STUDY OF CANCER IN DIYALA GOVERNORATE
Dr. Salam Hasoon Mohammad M.B. Ch.B. FIBMS Pathology and Dr. Ruaa A. Salman M.B. Ch.B. H.D. Radiology
ABSTRACT
Background: Cancer is a group of diseases involving abnormal cell growth with the potential to invade or
spread to other parts of the body. Not all tumors are cancerous; benign tumors do not spread to other parts of
the body. Possible signs and symptoms include a lump, abnormal bleeding, prolonged cough, unexplained
weight loss and a change in bowel movements. While these symptoms may indicate cancer, they may have
other causes. Over 100 types of cancers affect humans. Aims of Study: To Identify and Classify different types
of Cancers in Diyala Government and Correlate them with different parameters, namely age, gender, grade …etc.
Patients, and Methods: This is a retrospective study based on isolation of One hundred and fifty eight patients
from different regions of Diyala Governorate diagnosed with cancer from the archive of the Histopathological
Laboratory in Iraq- Diyala Governorate- Baquba City by Dr. Salam Hasoon Pathologist, between the years
2012-2016; for all cases we do statistical analysis for age, sex, organ involved, type of operation, type of cancer,
grade, stage and date of diagnosis and correlation of each of these parameters with each other. Results:
the highest type of cancer within the sample was breast cancer where it reached 39 in the rate of 24.9% followed
by skin cancer number 30 in the rate of 18.9% and then Lymph N. number 12 in the rate of 7.8%; the
remaining sample 76 are other cancers in the rate of 48.4%. In this study we do statistical analysis for cancer
cases regarding different clinico- pathological parameters, Age, Sex, Type of cancer, Grade and Stage. Age
and Sex parameters were available for each patient, Whereas Grade and Stage Parameters were unavailable for
each patient due to flees of some patient from the histopathological examination, diagnosed here by fine
needle cytology or histopathological examination of the excisional biopsy only, and outside this government
the further evaluation for grade and stage for missed cases may be performed there after the expected radical
excision of the cancer. For cancer types percentages, we find that Breast cancer is the most common cancer type
in Diyala Governorate (25%) followed by skin cancer (19%) and then Lymph node cancer (8%). The all other
types of cancer constitute about (48%). We note that lung cancer cases were just 3 cases unlike the rest of Iraq
this is attributed to diagnosis of most of cases outside this Governorate. The same is applied to Carcinoma of the
prostate, colon and ovary. For Breast cancer, we find that most of the cases occur in the fifth and sixth decades
and the mean age is 50 years. For Skin Cancer is most common in the sixth and seventh decades with mean age
63 years. For Lymph Node cancer is common the forth decade and the mean age is 41 years. For other all
other types of cancer are common in the sixth decade and mean age is 53 years. For all cancer types we find that
age 60 is the most frequent age affected and the mean age is 53 years. So the age is directly related to the
development of cancer in Diyala Governorate. The age also has a Signiant effect on grade and stage of cancer
(Directly related). Male to female ratio is 1.6/1. For histological Grade, we find that Grade II is more common in
CA Breast (64%) and Grade I is more common is skin cancer (60%) and Grade II & III are equally common in
lymph node cancer (50%). For other types of cancer Grade II is the most common (51%). For all cancer types
we find that Grade III is the most common (45%). For Breast cancer, we find that invasive Ductal Carcinoma is
the most common type. For Skin Cancer, Basal Cell Carcinoma is the most common, whereas for Lymph Node,
Non- Hodgkin's lymphoma is the most common type of cancer. Conclusion: Breast cancer is the most common
cancer type in Diyala Governorate (25%) followed by skin cancer (19%) and then Lymph node cancer (8%). The
age is directly related to the development of cancer in Diyala Governorate.
Keywords: Cancer, Diyala Governorate.
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