European Journal of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences

EVALUATION OF ANTIMICROBIAL AND ANTIOXIDANT ACTIVITIES OF DIFFERENT EXTRACTS OF VIGNA UNGUICULATA SEEDS

*Md. Shahedul Haque Shah, Tahira Foyzun, Kazi Faheema Islam, Md. Saroar Hosan and Tarik Hasan

ABSTRACT

Introduction: Vigna unguiculata is one of the most important medicinal species. An extensive several of nutritional and medicinal uses have been attributed to its seeds. In the present study an attempt has been made gather the information related to phytochemical compositions and Pharmacological uses. They exhibit antioxidant and free radical scavenging activities. They also exhibit Antibacterial activity against both the Gram positive and Gram negative organisms. So, the aim of the study was to screen its phytochemical and biological activities. Methodology: In this study crude methanol, Methanol, Ethyl acetate, Chloroform and N-hexane extracts of V.unguiculata seeds were prepared and were screened for their phytochemical properties (Total phenolic and flavonoid determination) and antioxidant properties by employing various established in-vitro methods. Such as reducing power, DPPH scavenging and total antioxidant activity were determined against three gram (+) and three gram (-) bacteria Bacillus cereus, Micrococcus Luteus, Staphylococcus aureus, E.coli, Pseudomonas and Klebsiella by disc diffusion method. Results: The antibacterial activity of crude Methanolic extract, crude chloroform extract and crude N-hexane extracts seeds of V.unguiculata showed that, it is moderately active against both Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria. The range of zone of inhibition was found from 6-18mm in disc sensitivity test while 19-29mm showed by standard kanamycin (30 μg/disc). However, the highest activity was found against Bacillus cereus and E.coli with 18mm zone of inhibition where concentration per disc was 500μg/disc. The crude extracts of V.unguiculata seeds were screened for identification of phytochemical properties by Total phenolic and flavonoid contents where CEE respectively 75.14 ± 0.95 and 73.18 ± 0.95 which were higher than CME, CNE and CCE. Antioxidant properties which were employed by iron reducing power capacity and DPPH Radical Scavenging where the CEE of seeds is higher than that of their extract. Conclusion: On the basis of the results obtained in the present study it is observed that the crude ethyl acetate extract of Vigna unguiculata which contains phenolic compounds that exhibit a high antioxidant and free radical scavenging activities. Methanolic extract of seeds Vigna unguiculata possesses good antibacterial activities. So, traditional medicine can be used as modern medicine to fight against different pharmacological problem as like Vigna unguiculataas a medicinal plant.

Keywords: Vigna unguiculata, antimicrobial activity, antioxidant activity.