PREVALENCE OF CARDIOVASCULAR RISK FACTORS; OBESITY, HYPERTENSION, DYSLIPIDEMIA AND PHYSICAL INACTIVITY AMONG TYPE 2 SAUDI DIABETIC PATIENTS.
*Abdulrhman Aldukhayel
ABSTRACT
Purpose: To estimate the prevalence and determinants of cardiovascular risk factors among diabetic patients in Qassim, Saudi Arabia. Methods: This cross sectional study was performed in 2017 and evaluated diabetic patients. Data were collected on patient demographics including marital status, education and occupation, history of hypertension and hyperlipidemia. Data were collected on body mass index (BMI) blood pressure, lipid levels and HbA1c levels from their last primary healthcare center visit. Physical activity (PA) levels were measured using self-administered International Physical Activity questionnaire. The prevalence of hypertension (based on history, physical assessment) and risk factors were evaluated for an association. Hypertension was defined as a systolic blood pressure ≥140 mmHg and/or diastolic blood pressure ≥ 90 mmHg. Results: The study sample was comprised of 395 diabetic adults. The prevalence of hypertension was 51.6% (95% CI, 46.7 - 56.6). 25.1% of diabetics were overweight. The prevalence of obesity was 65.6%, hyperlipidemia was 78.2% and uncontrolled diabetes was 63.8%. Seventy five (19%) diabetics engaged in moderate grade of PA. Illiterate and school graduates (P=0.08), married individuals (P=0.03) had a higher risk of hypertension. There were 150 (39%) diabetics with systolic hypertension and 25 (6.5%) with diastolic blood pressure. BMI (P = 0.46), hyperlipidemia (P = 0.06), hyperglycemia (P = 0.2) and PA (P = 0.26) were not correlated to the hypertension. Conclusions: A large proportion of adult diabetics have hypertension and cardiovascular risk factors. Public health strategies urgently required for addressing these ailments, improve PA and prevent a further increase in the burden of disease.
Keywords: Diabetes, Hypertension, Hyperglycemia, Obesity, Physical inactivity.
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