European Journal of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences

HEAD AND NECK CANCER IN SUDANESE PATIENTS 2011-2016

Dr. Yousif Mohammed Yousif* and Dr. Ahmed Mohammed Ahmed Ibrahim

ABSTRACT

This prospective hospital based study included all cases of head and neck cancer diagnosed in E.N.T department by the author in Elmac Nimer university hospital between 2011---2016 in Shendi 180 kilometer north of Khartoum Sudan. The study included all cases diagnosed to have head and neck cancer histopathologically and we exclude all areas not involved in head and neck cancers. It included 71 patients with head and neck carcinoma. 39 (54.93%) of them were males and 32(45.07%) were females. The ages of the patients is younger than international patients with head and neck cancers. Since head and neck cancers involved many areas a variety of symptoms and signs were noticed, As in most studies squamous cell carcinoma is predominant others Histopathological types were found in the study, No clear risk factors a part from snuff use in oral and oro pharyngeal cancer and history of plummer Vinson syndrome in hypo pharyngeal carcinoma and upper eosophagus. Most of the patients come for diagnosis late in the 3rd and 4th stages. Furthers studies in the risk factors especially oncogenes and early detections of precancerous lesions may help in early diagnosis and managements. Health educations for the causes and risk factors may help to decrease incidence of head and neck cancer and improve management and prognosis in north of Sudan in which the snuff use (tokomak )is common social habit.

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