European Journal of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences

NOVEL THERAPEUTIC APPROACHES TOWARDS TYPE 1 DIABETES MELLITUS

Yelmate Archana* and Priya Gundewar

ABSTRACT

Diabetes Mellitus is one of the most common endocrine diseases and prevalence of this continually rising globally. There are 65.1 million people living with diabetes in india, leads the world with largest number no of diabetes patient earning the title “Diabetes Capital of the World”. Type 1 diabetes is less common than type 2, Type 1 diabetes is also known as insulin dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM), and which is characterized by autoimmune destruction of cellular-mediated pancreatic beta cells results into total loss of insulin secretion. Recent studies have emphasizes the importance of strict glycemic control to prevent the various complications associated with diabetes mellitus. There have been ongoing improvements providing several advantages over the Conventional insulin vials and syringe. In recent years, insulin pens and insulin pumps have become increasingly user-friendly. In the view of the drawbacks of exogenous insulin therapy, a strong focus has been placed on discovery of functional cure for T1DM by beta cell replacement, Islet cell transplantation and pancreas transplantation. This all are minimally invasive cellular replacement therapy and that was developed to normalize glucose metabolism while avoiding the hypoglycemic risk of intensified exogenous insulin.

Keywords: Type 1 diabetes; Insulin therapy; Insulin delivery systems; Beta cell replacement; Islet transplantation; Pancreas transplantation.