SYNADENIUM GRANTII LEAF EXTRACT DECREASES THE AGGREGATION, NUCLEATION AND FORMATION OF URINARY CRYSTALS
Mashitha Vinod Pise*, Sudipta Sarkar, Richa Dubey and Rashmi Padhye
ABSTRACT
Background: Urolithiasis and Nephrolithiasis is a worldwide disease characterized by formation of stones in urinary tract and kidney due to supersaturation of urine with minerals like calcium oxalate. The phyto-inhibitors are being extensively studied to decrease the risk of kidney stone formation and associated symptoms. Objective: In this paper we studied the anti-urolithiatic potential of Synadenium grantii aqueous extract on nucleation, aggregation and growth of calcium oxalate crystallization by In vitro assays. Methods: In vitro calcium oxalate crystals were synthesized using synthetic urine system and effect of plant extract on nucleation, aggregation and growth of crystal was studied under in vitro conditions. Results were compared with positive and negative controls. Result: The in vitro studies show that the aqueous leaf extract inhibits nucleation, aggregation and growth of calcium oxalate crystals. The percent inhibition (87.4%) and inhibition of aggregation (81%) was highest at 100 mg/ml concentration of extract. The crystal nucleation also got delayed with increase in concentration of the extract. Conclusions: The plant leaf extract has anti-urolithiatic potential when tested in in vitro assays. However, in vivo and in silico studies would be needed to confirm the activity.
Keywords: Urolithiasis, Synadenium grantii, Nucleation, Aggregation, Simulation, Calcium oxalate monohydrate.
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