European Journal of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences

SPECTRUM OF HEMOGLOBINOPATHIES IN SOUTHERN ODISHA USING HPLC- A 1 AND HALF YEAR INSTITUTIONAL STUDY(ANALYSIS OF 1658 CASES)

Dr. Upasna Jhunjhunwala, Dr. Jayanti Nayak*, Dr. Samira Kumar Behera, Dr. Shushruta Mohanty

ABSTRACT

Introduction: Hemoglobinopathies are one of the major public health problems in the state of odisha evidenced from the fact that there are 511 transfusion dependant patients registered in Blood bank of MKCG Medical college and hospital, Berhampur. They also cause significant morbidity and mortality in the population. A plethora of variant haemoglobins have been described in the multi-ethnic Indian population. Detection of asymptomatic carriers by reliable laboratory methods is the cornerstone of prevention of this serious health problem. Aim: (i) To determine the spectrum of hemoglobinopathies diagnosed by High performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) Bio-rad Variant II. (ii) To report the cases of rare variants of haemoglobin if any. Material & Methods: This study was a prospective study done at Department of pathology, MKCG Medical College and Hospital, Berhampur from September 2016 to March 2018. A total of 1658 clinically diagnosed and undiagnosed cases of hemoglobinopathies including suspected cases of hemolytic anemia were subjected to detailed clinical and routine haematological evaluation. Results: Sickle cell anemia including both disease and trait constituted the most prevalent form followed by beta thalassemia trait. The rare variants encountered were lepore heterozygous, lepore homozygous, sickle-lepore double heterozygous, hemoglobin E trait, haemoglobin E- beta thalassemia double heterozygous, sickle- haemoglobin D double heterozygous and hemoglobin D homozygous. Conclusions: Out of 1658 cases studied, 972 were of hemoglobinopathy (~58.7%). 732 cases of 1658 cases referred to us were of sickle cell anemia (~44.1%).Multidisciplinary approach along with screening, creating public awareness by counselling and mass education can reduce both mortality and morbidity of hemoglobinopathies.

Keywords: Complete blood count, Hemoglobinopathies, HPLC, Sickle cell anemia.