European Journal of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences

PHYTOCHEMICAL INVESTIGATION, ANTIBACTERIAL AND ACUTE TOXICITY PROPERTIES OF THE METHANOLIC EXTRACT FROM ARTEMISIA ANNUA L. (ASTERACEAE), A PLANT DURING DOMESTICATION IN KORHOGO (CÔTE D’IVOIRE)

Silué Souleymane, Kablan Ahmont Landry Claude*, Coulibaly Wacothon Karime, Ahoua Angora Rémi Constant, Kouassi Brou Guy, Konan Dibi Jacques, Kabran Aka Faustin, Adiko N’dri Marcelline, Akoubet Ouayogodé Aminata, Attioua Koffi Barthélémy

ABSTRACT

The methanolic extract of leaves from Artemisia annua L. (Asteraceae) was investigated for the study of its bioactive substances, such as antibacterial activity and their acute toxicity in rats. HPLC/MSn method was employed to identify the chemical constituents of this methanolic extract. Two coumarin derivatives including, esculetin (1) and scopoletin (2), were characterized. Antibacterial activity of this extract was evaluated on Staphylococcus aureus, Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Escherichia coli at the final concentration of 1.5 mg/mL. This extract was bacteriostatic on all the bacteria strains with MIC value greater than 30 mg/mL. Acute toxicity study with this plant was done on wistar albino rats. During acute toxicity studies, there were no any clinical signs found in general behavior and mortality at any dose level used (50 mg-2000 mg/kg body weight). These results suggest that the plant extract possesses compounds that are not acutely toxic with antibacterial properties.

Keywords: Artemisia annua, Asteraceae, antibacterial activity, acute toxicity