Abstract
TYPE 2 DIABETES MELLITUS AND ITS ASSOCIATED RISK FACTORS

Dr. R. Dhananjayan*

ABSTRACT

Diabetes Mellitus is a metabolic disorder characterized by abnormally high blood glucose levels known as hyperglycemia due to a defect in insulin secretion, insulin action or both. Diabetes Mellitus continues to increase as a result of rapid cultural and social changes. Indians are also believed to have a greater degree of insulin resistance and a stronger genetic predisposition to diabetes. Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus carries a high risk of large vessel atherosclerosis commonly associated with hypertension, hyperlipidaemia and obesity.[6] According to the latest statistics and predictions for the future, more than 60% of the diabetics live in Asia. Among the diabetic persons in Asia, 51 million live in India. Diabetes Mellitus occurs at least 10 to 15 years earlier in developing countries, especially in India compared to developed countries. The genetic predisposition, urbanization, physical inactivity and altered diet leading to obesity are likely to be the primary reasons for the risk in diabetes. This review paper is focussed on the risk factors associated with type 2 Diabetes Mellitus.

Keywords: Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus, Risk Factors, Hyperglycemia.


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