RISK FACTORS OF TYPE 2 DIABETES MELLITUS AMONG 35 YEARS AND ABOVE URBAN POPULATION OF BURAIDAH CITY
Dr. Abdulaziz Sulaiman Alsaif*, Dr. K. Chandra Sekhar, Dr. Asim Fahad AlKhalifah and Dr. Saleh Abd El Fattah Al Gabbany
ABSTRACT
Background: Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus exhibits iceberg phenomenon of the disease. In Saudi Arabia many studies revealed that prevalence of Diabetes mellitus in rural areas and urban areas was 19% and 25% respectively. There is a need to identify some risk factors like obesity, smoking and hypertension and its associations reflections leads to quality of life of diabetic individuals. Objectives: 1. To identify the demographic variables in relation to type 2 diabetes mellitus and to find the health related risk factors associated with type 2 diabetes mellitus. Materials & Methods: A cross sectional institutional based record review study conducted at primary health centres of Buraidah from December 2017 to May 2018 among the 35 years and above age group individuals after getting institutional ethical committee clearance. Data entered in SPSS 21.0 Version and necessary statistical tests like simple proportions, chi square tests were applied. Results: Out of 300 study population, there was 97.7% were Saudi nationality and only 2.3% were from other nationalities. In the study population, about 59.3% were giving diabetes family history and hypertension family history about 7.3%. In the study population, about 7% (21/300) were having smoking habit and 50% of them were females and smoking habit among females was very less. In the study population, about 11.3% (32/282) were having BMI < or = 25 BMI and 88.7% were having BMI > 25 BMI in the study population. Conclusions: Based on the results, Smoking prevalence among the diabetic population was reported less may be due to 50% of the sample from females. Body mass index, family history of diabetes was noticed high in the study group. There is a need to identify the risk factors before onset of diabetes through screening programs and also after onset of the diabetes and indirectly saving country economy by minimising the diabetic complications in the community.
Keywords: Age, sex, Occupation, BMI, Family History, smoking.
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