PREVALENCE OF MULTI DRUG RESISTANT STAPHYLOCOCCUS AUREUS ISOLATED FROM NASAL ORIFICE OF STUDENTS
Oguoma O. I., Mike-Anosike E. E., Adeleye S. A. and Braide W.*
ABSTRACT
Staphylococcus aureus cause illness by preformed toxin production as well as by infecting both local tissues and systemic circulation. Microbiological status of nasal isolates and their multiple drug resistance (MDR) pattern were determined. Two hundred nasal swabs were collected from volunteer students of the Federal University of Technology (FUTO), Owerri, Imo State, Nigeria. Swabs were subjected to routine microbiological analysis using standard methods. Identities of the bacterial isolates were confirmed with reference to standard laboratory manual. Pure cultures of standardized bacterial isolates were screen for antibiotic susceptibility using standard oxoid disc. Multi drug resistance was determine for Staphylococcus aureus and Staphylococcus saprophyticus. Percentage occurrence of bacteria isolated from male and female students are Micrococcus luteus (5.62% and 2.66%), Staphylococcus saprophyticus (24.59% and 21.73%), Bacillus cereus (5.37% and 7.76%), Staphylococcus aureus (46.84% and 41.91%), Enterococcus faecalis (16.86% and 23.95%) and Corynebacterium species (1.41% and 2.00%) respectively. Enterococcus faecalis is highly susceptible while Bacillus cereus and Corynebacterium species are moderate in resistance to the antibiotics. The percentage of MDR Staphylococcus aureus is significantly high, 94.5% in males and 89.0% in females compared to Staphylococcus saprophyticus which recorded 5.5% and 11.0% in males and females respectively. The bacterial isolates are common in the environment and the frequent habit of picking of nose could further facilitates their spread, especially Staphylococcus aureus with reported cases of resistance and pathogenicity.
Keywords: Staphylococcus aureus, nasal swabs, multi-drug resistance.
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