European Journal of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences

EVALUATION OF TOXICITY OF DATURA INNOXIA SEEDS AND LEAVES

*Siddige A. N. T. Matter and Ali A. Eltayeib

ABSTRACT

The study aimed to evaluate the toxicity of Datura innoxia seeds and leaves. The seeds and leaves were collected from an east police station in El-Obeid city, North Kordofan State. The plant leaves and seeds were cleaned, shade-dried and grounded and then extracted by maceration method using distilled water and by soxhelt using methanol. Sixty five male rats were used in the experiment divided into thirteen groups. Six groups for aqueous extracts, six groups for methanol extracts and one group served as a control. The rats groups treated orally for thirty days with 40, 60 and 80 mg extract/kg of rat body weight. Five animals for each dose levels. The control group consisted of five rats to which distilled water mixed with ethanol with the same percentage as that used for dissolving the extracts was administered. Phytochemical screening of Datura innoxia seeds and leaves extracts revealed the presence of saponin, cumarin, alkaloids, flavonoids, tannins, steroids and triterpene with different concentrations. There is Toxicity symptoms (depression, restlessness, ataxia and paralysis) were observed in the extracts treated groups compared to the control group. 100% mortality of the rats occurred with the highest dosage 80 mg/kg. At 60mg/kg dosage 60% mortality was occurred and no mortality was observed for 40mg/kg. The results indicated that both aqueous and methanol extracts have nearly the same toxicity, this due to the presence of the alkaloid compounds in Datura innoxia seeds and leaves.

Keywords: Datura innoxia, seeds and leaves, toxicity on rats, alkaloid.