STUDY OF THE SEROPREVALENCE OF SWINE BRUCELLOSIS IN SELECTED CAMEROON REGIONS
Djawe Blaowe Parfait*, Ibrahima Djoulde, Bamia Aline and Moiffo Kengne Anicet Magloire
ABSTRACT
Brucellosis is a contagious disease of farm animals due to bacteria of the genus Brucella. Six species (B. abortus, B. melitensis, B. suis, B. ovis, B. canis, B. neotomae) are incriminated in the natural infection of several animal species like cattle, goats, pigs , rodents, carnivores and other mammals (OIE, 2007 ; Boukary and al., 2010). It can also reach other ruminants, some marine mammals and humans. It is therefore a notifiable zoonosis. This study on brucellosis in pigs was carried out from August 2015 to January 2016 in farms in the Far North region and in the slaughter areas of pigs in the city of Douala. The general objective of this work is to contribute to a better knowledge of the epidemiology of swine brucellosis in Cameroon. Blood samples were taken from 1081 pigs at least 6 months old and were then analyzed with Rose Bengal and indirect ELISA for antibodies against the Brucella bacterium. The serological analysis of the sera made it possible to screen 20 sera out of 1081 samples taken with proportions of infected pigs of 6.03%; 3.67%; 2.39% and 0% respectively for the North-West, Littoral, West and Far North of Cameroon. The most affected age group of pigs is between 12 and 24 months with a prevalence of 1.20% (95% CI: [0.55 - 1.85]) (P <0.05). The Duroc, Landrace and Pietrain hybrids are the most affected with respective prevalences of 0.56%, 0.65% and 0.46%.
Keywords: brucellosis, seroprevalence, pigs, Far North, Douala, Cameroon.
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