European Journal of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences

THE MECHANISMS OF BLOOD SUPPLY OF MUCOUS MEMBRANE OF ORAL CAVITY AND NOSE

Maia Jikia and Maka Sabashvili*

ABSTRACT

The effect of neurotransmitters and biologically active substances on upper respiratory tract vascular smooth muscles are due by the specific receptors in the blood vessels and by the peculiarities of their innervation. By the histochemical and physiological methods detected adrenergic, purinergic, peptidergic and other receptors. From these positions have been assessed the regulating mechanisms of the blood flow in the nasal and oral cavity mucosa. It is known that the nasal mucosa of the nose is observed with afferent C fibers that contain Calcitonin Gene-Related Peptide (CGRP). These nerve terminals are predominantly located in the mucous membrane (Alving.et al., 1991), and are thus quite likely to participate in the regulation of nasal mucosa membrane circulation. It is also known that in nasal cavity and addition sinuses accumulate nitric oxide, which has vasodilation affect. Absorption of this substance becomes in mucous membrane (DuBois et al., 1998). Because nitric oxides have vasodilator properties, it can (with Calcitonin gene-related peptide) plays an important role in regulation blood supply to the upper respiratory tract of mucous membranes. Both (CGRP) and (NO) vasodilator effect wears a regional character. In this regard, little is known about the relaxation mechanism of localized blood vessels in the nasal and oral cavity mucosa in which their participation is expressed at the cellular level. It is important the separation and accumulation of nitric oxide in the upper respiratory tract, and its ability of vasodilatation.

Keywords: Calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP), nitric oxides (NO), N -Nitro-L-arginine methyl ester isomers (L-NAME), 7-nitroindazol (7-NI).