European Journal of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences

APPLICATIONS OF CRISPR TECHNOLOGY IN DENTISTRY: A REVIEW

Dr. Daya K. Jangam* and Dr. Kajol M. Talreja

ABSTRACT

CRISPR, this acronym stands for Clustered Regularly InterSpaced Palindromic Repeats. It is a programmable protein that can edit, eliminate, turn on/off the genome.[1] This modern technology has many potential uses and is standing on the brink of modern medicine which could do a lot in store of future of oral health. Among various versatile genome-editing technologies which can bring sequence-specific modifications into the genomes, most commonly used genome editing technologies are, clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats (CRISPR)-CRISPR-associated protein 9 (Cas9), transcription activator-like effector nucleases (TALENs), zinc-finger nucleases (ZFNs), and homing endonucleases or meganucleases.[2] CRISPR-Cas9 genome editing technique is still in the stage of infancy which has recently emerged as a potentially powerful tool in the armaments of cancer therapy because of its high efficiency and accuracy[3] By rapidly introducing genetic modifications in cell lines, organs and animals, CRISPR-Cas9 system extends the gene editing into whole genome screening, both in loss-of-function and gain-of-function manners[4] In this review, we discuss an overview of CRISPR-Cas9 genome editing technique and its applications specially in dentistry.

Keywords: CRISPR; Cas9; dentistry; oral cancer; immunotherapeutic applications; genome editing.