European Journal of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences

SURGICAL THYROID GLAND DISEASES: EPIDEMIOLOGY AND NECK RADIATION EFFECT

Mhd Nezar Alsharif and Khaled Alhomsi*

ABSTRACT

Objective: This study aimed to study the epidemiological data of surgical thyroid diseases, the frequency of symptoms of these diseases. Materials and Methods: This study was a retrospective study of the files of 80 patients who reviewed different clinics in Damascus, Syria between 1 June 2019 and 31 January 2020 and were diagnosed with thyroid diseases. The variables recorded included age, gender, symptoms of the patients, history of previous radiation and the surgical treatment used. Results: In our study, we had female prevalence of 82.5%. The most common manifestations were lump in the neck (70 patients, 87.5%), followed by dysphagia (28 patients, 35%) and pain in the neck (25 patients, 31.3%). However, the least common manifestations were fever and diarrhea with (5 patients, 6.3%) for each. Most of the cases were treated by total thyroidectomy (74.3%), while 25.7% were treated by thyroid lobectomy. Conclusion: We had a dominant female prevalence. The most common manifestation was lump in the neck. Moreover, most of the cases were treated by total thyroidectomy. It is important to highlight the cases with previous neck radiation with the majority of them being diagnosed with papillary carcinoma of the thyroid. This study shows the need for a bigger study on a larger scale in order to understand the epidemiological data of surgical thyroid diseases.

Keywords: Thyroid Diseases, Radiation Exposure, Gland.