NICKEL–TITANIUM INSTRUMENTS: A CONCISE REVIEW ON EVOLUTION OF INSTRUMENTS AND INSTRUMENTATION IN ENDODONTICS
*Dr. Basawaraj Biradar, Dr. Sudharani Biradar, Dr. Aparna Palekar, Dr. Babita Malhan, Dr. Arvind M.S. Dr. Neeraj Kumar
ABSTRACT
The introduction of automated instrumentation in endodontics promised a major advance in progress for this specialty, with improvements in the quality and predictability of root canal treatment and a significant reduction in endodontic failures. In recent years, endodontic instruments have undergone a series of changes brought about by modifications in design, taper, surface treatments, and thermal treatments. In addition, new movements have also been incorporated to offer greater safety and efficiency, maximising the properties of the Nickel–Titanium (NiTi) alloy, mainly through eccentric rotary motion. An understanding of the mechanical properties of these new instruments and their effect on the clinical performance of preparation of root canal is essential to provide optimal clinical outcomes, especially in curved or flattened canals. The objective of this review is to present the characteristics of the NiTi alloys used in the major instrumentation systems available in the market, as well as the influence of the metallurgical and mechanical properties of these instruments and the movements that drive them, to enable more accurate and predictable planning of root canal preparation.
Keywords: Nickel–Titanium, Superelasticity, Shape memory effect, R-phase, Thermal treatment.
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