European Journal of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences

ASSOCIATION OF CHRONIC OBSTRUCTIVE PULMONARY DISEASE (COPD) WITH SMOKING IN PATIENTS ATTENDING THE MEDICAL OUT-PATIENT DEPARTMENT OF A TERTIARY CARE HOSPITAL IN A DEVELOPING COUNTRY

Farhan Khalid MBBS, Ali Jaan MD,MBBS, Dania R. Qureshi MD,MBBS, Aniqa Raheem MD,MBBS, Awais Khalid MBBS, Ehtesham Zahoor MBBS*, Hira Saleem MD,MBBS, Muhammad Tayyeb MD,MBBS and Usman H. Bhatti MD,MBBS

ABSTRACT

Objective: To study the association of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease with smoking in patients attending the Medical out-patient department of Darul Sehat Hospital, Karachi. Study Design: Analytical Cross-Sectional study. Place and Duration of study: A 2-month duration study was conducted in the demographical area of Karachi, Sindh, Pakistan. The duration of the study is from September 1, 2019 to November 1, 2019. Methodology: The data was collected through a semi-structured questionnaire consisting of open and closed-ended questions. The questionnaire was filled by the participants with a 100% response rate. Final data were analyzed with the help of SPSS version 20 and the descriptive statistics e.g. percentage and frequencies were calculated. Results: A total of 60 patients (males 50, females 10) were enrolled in our study. 58(96.67%) patients were older than 40 years. Current or past smoking history was present in 53(83.3%). The majority of the patients had cough 53(83.3%) with phlegm production in 44(73.3%) patients. All of the patients had undergone CXR with 47(78.33%) patients had signs of significant lung damage (all belonging in the smoker category). Conclusion: Our study concluded that there is a significant relationship between smoking and chronic obstructive lung disease. Cigarette smoke induces a strong inflammatory response causing the destruction of lung parenchyma and airways leading to a massive drop in oxygen saturation levels. Non-smokers have significantly lower chances of developing lung disease as compared to smokers.

Keywords: COPD, smoke, Oxygen saturation, lung damage.