MULTIDRUG RESISTANCE PULMONARY TUBERCULOSIS PREVALENCE AND RISK FACTORS IDENTIFIED BY GENE XPERT RIFAMPICIN ASSAY IN THE RIVER NILE STATE-SUDAN
Romisa Ibrahim Mohammed Ahmed, Hadia Abass Eltaib Ahmed* and Ahmed Mohamed Ahmed Ibrahim
ABSTRACT
The study carried out to find the prevalence of multidrug-resistance Mycobacterium tuberculosis (MDR-MTB) and associated risk factors associated with pulmonary tuberculosis (TB). This study conducted in a period from January 2018 to December 2019, in Atbara Diagnostic Central-Laboratory. Four hundred sputum specimens obtained from the patients referred from centers of different localities in the state using Gene Xpert rifampicin assay to identify the cases and to determine either sensitive or resistant TB case. Their ages ranged from 17.9 to 50.3 years, with a mean of 34.1±16.2 years. The male to female ratio was 3:1. The study revealed 25% (100/400) of the referred cases had TB, and MDR-MTB was encountered in 10% (10/100). The gender, age groups, social status, residence (rural or urban), and education were significant associated with MDR-MTB and pulmonary TB infection. Diabetes mellitus increased prevalence of MDR-TB (P < 0.031). The HIV co-infection was 1%. The study revealed the recurrence rate of TB was 59% (59/100), this rate was significantly high in relation to new TB cases (P. value = 0.000). The study revealed MDR-MTB was 10.9% (5/46) of new cases while 9.3% (5/54) had received previous treatment. The MDR- MTB and recurrence rates of pulmonary tuberculosis are high. This study highlights a significant relationship between MDR- MTB and some possible risk factors. The high recurrence rate was due to treatment failure, relapses or interrupted treatment. Drug resistance to tuberculosis and recurrence were serious public health problems in Sudan, and attention should direct to control and improve monitoring therapy for MDR-TB, especially in the new TB cases.
Keywords: Gene Xpert RIF-assay, TB risk factor, MDR- MTB, Atbara.
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