European Journal of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences

PULMONARY HYPERTENSION IN PATIENTS WITH CHRONIC KIDNEY DISEASE

Dr. Jais Kumar Karmani, Dr. Bilal Mustafa, *Dr. Arsh Zahoor, Dr. Faisal Mehmood, Dr. Anmol Zahoor, Hawwa Zahoor

ABSTRACT

Introduction: Worldwide, chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a common health problem with cardiovascular disease being the most common cause of its morbidity and mortality with up to 50% deaths. Pulmonary hypertension, PHT, is a disorder that progressively leads to complications of the cardiopulmonary system. It also leads to other systemic diseases, and causes an increase in the morbidity and mortality. Material and Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional study was carried out over the period of 1 year, from May 2019 to May 2020. Patients aged 18 and above who were diagnosed with chronic kidney disease, both on and off dialysis were included. Systolic PAP, EF% and cardiac output were evaluated by doppler echocardiography. All statistical calculations were then performed using SPSS version 21. Results: Out of 91 patients enrolled in our study, 58 (63.7%) were male and 33 (36.3%) were female. 43 (47.3%) patients were free from pulmonary hypertension, while 31 (34.1%) had mild, 12 (13.2%) had moderate, and 5 (5.5%) had severe pulmonary hypertension. 12 (13.2%) patients had no anemia, while 13 (14.3%) had mild, 49 (53.8%) had severe, and 17 (18.7%) had severe anemia. 66 (72.5%) had preserved ejection fraction (EF), 15 (16.5%) had borderline EF, while 10 (11.0%) had reduced EF. Conclusion: Pulmonary hypertension is commonly seen in patients suffering from chronic kidney disease. Once diagnosed, appropriate management must be commenced to prevent complications of CKD as well as cardiopulmonary dysfunctions.

Keywords: Hypertension, Pulmonary, Kidney Failure, Chronic, Prevalence.