EVIDENCE OF RIFT VALLEY FEVER VIRUS CIRCULATION IN CATTLE PARKS IN SLAUGHTERED OF MAN DISTRICT (CÔTE D’IVOIRE).
KOUASSI Konan Adjoua Rose Marie Clémence*, GUINDO-COULIBALY Négnorogo, ADJOGOUA Edgar Valery, KONAN Kouassi Yannick, SYLLA Yahaya, KARAMOKO Yahaya, Hortense KETTE-FAYE
ABSTRACT
Background: Rift Valley Fever Virus is a viral zoonosis caused by an arbovirus transmitted by Culicidae. This arbovirus can seriously affect different species of domestic ruminants, causing severe outbreaks, economic losses and humans’ mortality. This study was designed to investigate RVFV infection in cattle and mosquito in the slaughterhouse of Man city, western Côte d'Ivoire. Methods: Blood samples were collected from two cattle parks during dry seasons. Mosquito were collected during rainy and dry seasons. Mosquitos were trapped using six light traps, installed in general at 6:00 pm and visited the following morning at 6:00 am during four consecutive days. Molecular diagnosis of RVFV was carried out by real-time RT-PCR with specific primers; Forward: 3’-TGAAAATTCCTGAGACACATGG-5’, Reverse: 3’-ACTTCCTTGCATCATCTGATG-5’ and Probe: FAM -CAATGTAAGGGGCCTGTGTGGACTTGTG-TAMRA for L segment. Blood samples were analysed for RVF IgM and IgG detection using Enzyme-Linked immunosorbemt assay. Results: Forty blood samples from animals and 634 adults mosquitoes belonging to five species: Anopheles gambiae (1.7%), Culex cinereus (6.6%), Culex quinquefasciatus (91%) Culex nebulosis (0.5%) and Mansonia sp. (0.2%) were collected. No IgG and IgM antibodies against RVFV were found in any of 40 sera. More than 70% of Culex quinquefasciatus regardless of site and season was observed. RVFV was successfully detected in 50% of Culex cinereus’ pools and 6% of Culex quinquefasciatus’ pools. Conclusion: This study diagnosed for the first time RVFV from mosquito in western country. It was found in Culex (Culex quinquefasciatus and Culex cinereus) which represents the most abundant genera in study site.
Keywords: Rift Valley Fever Virus, domestic ruminants, Mosquitos vectors, Relative abundance, Côte d’Ivoire.
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