EPIDEMIOLOGICAL PROFILE OF URINARY SCHISTOSOMIASIS IN THREE PRIMARY SCHOOLS IN THE CITY OF N’DJAMENA (CHAD)
Hamit Mahamat Alio*, Fombotioh Ndifor, Issa Ramat Adam and Samafou Kemba
ABSTRACT
Urinary schistosomiasis (schistosoma haematobium) is a major health problem in tropical environments by its constantly changing frequency with a large number of asymptomatic carriers. The study was done from February to July 2019 in three primary schools in N’Djamena (Chad). It aims to assess the prevalence of the infestation of urinary schistosomiasis and the risk factors in school milieu. The study population consisted of 333 school children where ages ranged from 6 to 17 years. The method of centrifugation of their urine permitted us to detect 88 pupils as carriers of eggs of S. haematobium or either a prevalence of 26.4%. Frequently (P˂0.005) males were more infested (32.8%) than females (15.4%). The majority of pupils carrying this trematode have a notion of bathing (P˂0.005) in pools (32.8%) or in rivers (9.1%). The most elevated prevalence was found in pupils aged 9 to 11 years old (36.8%, P=0.13%). School children presenting hematuria were infested. Among the school children who had turbid urines, 34.8% were infested, while those who had whitish urines, 15.2% were carriers of the eggs of S. haematobium. In our study, the pupils who carried trematodes S.haematobium came from all the primary schools studied . Among the pupils infested, 97% of them received treatment based on 40mg /kg of praziquentel. Bilharziasis caused by S. haematobium remains a veritable public health problem in Chad.
Keywords: Urinary schistosomiasis, hematuria, schistosoma haematobium, pupils, N’Djamena, Chad.
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