European Journal of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences

NON -THERMAL PLASMA APPLICATIONS: EFFECT OF ALKALINE WATER ON CALCIUM OXALATE STONES INDUCED IN MALE ALBINO RATS

Shaimaa M. Eldeighdye*, Tarek M. Allam and Hanaa A. El-Sayed

ABSTRACT

Background: Kidney stones are one of the most painful urologic disorders and have beset humans for centuries. About 75% of urinary stones are predominantly composed of calcium oxalate. The initial therapy for prevention of any type of kidney stones formation is increasing fluid intake. As suitable liquid intake affects both the urine concentration and frequency with which, solid micro particles are expelled from the urinary systems there is an ongoing search for alternatives to conventional liquids. Plasma-activated water (PAW), which, is produced by different types of non-thermal plasma devices, have recently attracted particular interest as a promising method for biomedical applications. This study investigates the effect of alkaline (PAW) as well as commercial alkaline water on the formation of calcium oxalate stones induced in albino rats. Methods: forty adult male albino rats, used in the present study, were divided into 4 equal groups; Normal (G1) drinking tap water only, the remaining 3groups received calcium oxalate inducing treatment for 4 weeks, comprised of (0.75ml v\v), ethylene glycol mixed with designated drinking water; i.e. group (G2) drink ethylene glycol mixed with tap water only and served as diseases control. Meanwhile, group (G3) Plasma-activated water and commercial alkaline water (G4) served as treatment groups, which received ethylene glycol mixed with alkaline (PAW) and commercial alkaline water respectively. After 4 weeks of the experiment, urine samples of all rats were collected. Subsequently, rats were sacrificed and blood samples were assembled for analysis of kidney and liver functions, as well as CBC and serum K. Furthermore, histological study for kidney tissue were carried out. Results: plasma-activated water prevent calcium oxalate stones formation, also, decrease adverse effects of ethylene glycol on liver functions compared with others groups. In conclusion, alkaline plasma-activated water has higher ability, rather than commercial alkaline water, to reduce the formation of calcium oxalate stones as well as protect liver from harmful effects of ethylene glycol, due to its alkalinity and unique properties.

Keywords: Atmsphoric Plasma Jet, Plasma Activated Water (Paw), Alkaline Water, Calcium Oxalate Stones, Ethylene Glycol, Urine Analysis, Kidney Funvtions.