EFFECT OF ETHANOL EXTRACT OF PANCRATIUM MAXIMUM BULBS ON ENTAMOEBA HISTOLYTICA IN VIVO
Mansour Abdulnabi H. Mehdi*, Vidya Pradhan, Khaled Nasher Q. Salem, Gozif Mohammed N. Omar and Fadel Y. S. Alarabi
ABSTRACT
Knowledge of traditional medicine is still transmitted from generation to another in Yemen orally, Pancratium maximum has been used as a medicinal plant in traditional medical systems in southern Yemen. The study determined if administration of ethanolic extract P. maximum bulbs effects against Entamoeba histolytica in vivo. In this study, the antiamoebic activity of P. maximum was tested using experimental infections of Entamoeba histolytica, the most common cause of protozoa diarrhoea worldwide, in rats (Rattus norvegicus). Plants were extracted in ethanol. Rats were treated for ten days orally once a day, with the doses of 125, 250, and 500mg/kg of body weight. Rats' faeces were taken every day and examined by microscopy, the number of shed E. histolytica were counted using a haemocytometer. After rats' sacrifice and dissection, their colon were then processed for examination using histological sectioning and scanning microscopy. The results showed a significant (P<0.05) reduction in the numbers of parasite cells from the second day of treatment in all the groups treated with the ethanolic extract. This decrease gradually continued during the days of treatment until it reached zero on the 10th day of treatment for the dose of 500 mg/kg. The infected treated group (positive control) showed significant (P<0.05) increases in the E. histolytica numbers in the feces of rats during 10 days of infection. Histological studies of the infected rats indicate and no showed improvement after using ethanolic extract of P. maximum compared with the negative group (non-infected without treatment).
Keywords: Pancratium maximum, Entamoeba histolytica, Rattus norvegicus, antiamoebic, Histopathology.
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