European Journal of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences

IMPACT OF DIFFERENT DIABETES MELLITUS TYPES ON PREGNANCY OUTCOMES OF PREGNANT WOMEN

*Maha Saleem Mohammed Ali

ABSTRACT

Diabetes mellitus is a metabolic disorder characterized by the presence of hyperglycemia due to defective insulin secretion, defective insulin action or both. It is the most common metabolic disorder that occurs during pregnancy. It has two clinical patterns; either gestational or pregestational diabetes. Pregnancy in women with diabetes mellitus is associated with an increased risk of congenital malformations, obstetric complications and neonatal morbidity. This study aimed to evaluate the impact of different types of diabetes mellitus without vascular changes on maternal and fetal outcomes. The study was done at Mosul General hospital - Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology- Mosul /Iraq during the period from September 2018 to September 2019 and included 100 cases of gestational and pregestational diabetic pregnant women. The results showed that mean age of the studied group was (28.7±6.45) ranging from (18 to 41) years and the mean BMI of the studied group was (25.9±3.9) ranging from (18 to 32) and 44% of PGDM and 32% of GDM patients were obese. There was no statistically significant difference in positive family history of diabetes and previous history of congenital fetal malformation, Intra Uterine Fetal Death and gestational diabetes mellitus between the two groups. There was no statistically significant difference in gestational age at delivery and mode of delivery in current pregnancy between the two groups. Both gestational or pregestational showed no statistical difference between maternal and fetal outcomes. It can be concluded from our study that in either diabetes, gestational or pregestational, there was no statistical difference between maternal and fetal outcomes. Optimal control of blood glucose resulted in lower neonatal and maternal complications. Further studies on large geographical scale and larger sample size are required to support our conclusion.

Keywords: Pregestational diabetes; Gestational diabetes; Maternal; Fetal outcomes.