European Journal of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences

A REVIEW ON -PEPTIDES AND PROTEINS IN PHARMACEUTICALS

Swapnil R. Patil*, Puja R. Bhalerao and Vishakha R. Janjale

ABSTRACT

Protein and Peptide drug delivery system are the Novel drug Delivery System. Proteins and peptides are the most abundant components of biological cells. They exist functioning such as enzymes, hormones, structural element and immunoglobulin. Peptide and protein drug are commercially available as therapeutics and are prepared by various biotechnology processes. As they lack drug stability during their delivery, so protein structures are modified to maintain pharmaceutical properties of proteins. The twenty different naturally occurring amino acids join with each other by peptide bonds and build polymers referred to peptides and proteins. Although the distinction between peptides and proteins are peptide contains less than 20 amino acids, having a molecular weight less than 5000, while a protein possesses 50 or more amino acids and its molecular weight lies above this value. As they lack drug stability during their delivery, so protein structures are modified to maintain pharmaceutical properties of proteins. Various approaches for delivery of protein and peptide drugs are used for proper formulation of drugs. In addition, various advancements in protein and peptide drug delivery have try to overcome the issues during delivery of these therapeutics like increased stability, low toxicity level and increased resistance to proteolytic inactivation, bioavailability, efficiency and improve circulation period. The alternate routes that have been tried with varying degrees of success are the oral, buccal, intranasal, pulmonary, transdermal, ocular and rectal. In this review, the aim is to focus on the various routes and approaches for delivery of Peptide and protein drugs.

Keywords: Protein and peptide, drug delivery system, Pharmaceutical approaches, Immunoglobulin’s.