SOLITARY THYROID NODULE: CYTOPATHOLOGY AND HISTOPATHOLOGY
Kanya Kumari*, Mrudula, Ranveer
ABSTRACT
Introduction: A thyroid nodule which is a palpable localised solitary
swelling in the thyroid gland is a common clinical presentation for a
variety of pathological disorders majority being asymptomatic. 5% of
them are malignant which require extended surgery, hence correct
preoperative diagnosis is mandatory. Aims and Objectives: To study
& correlate cytopathology and histopathology of solitary thyroid
nodule. Patients and methods: A Prospective study in the department
of pathology, MIMS, Medchal from October 2011 to October 2013
evaluated 45 patients. The patients included those who presented with solitary thyroid
nodule in ENT and surgery departments. They were evaluated with thyroid profile, Fine
Needle Aspiration Cytology (FNAC) &finally Histopathology in few of them. Results: 45
cases were studied which had female preponderance (Female n=39; 86.6 % Vs. male n=6;
13.3%). The youngest patient of our series was a girl of 18 years with colloid goitre and the
oldest patient was a man of 69 years, a case of follicular carcinoma. the most common non
neoplastic lesion encountered in FNAC was colloid goitre 10(22.2%) and neoplastic being
follicular neoplasm 19(42.2%) .Thyroid lobectomy was carried in 39 (86.6 %) patients,
while the remaining 6(13.3%) underwent subtotal thyroidectomy. On Histopathological examination commonest non neoplastic lesion was 8(17.7%) Hashimotos thyroiditis and
neoplastic lesion was Follicular adenoma 20(44.4%) Sensitivity . specificity,and accuracy of
FNAC for detection of neoplasm were 73%,100% and 100%. Conclusion: The solitary
thyroid nodule is a relatively common clinical finding which has a small but significant risk
of malignancy. Fine needle aspiration has become the routine initial procedure. Cytological
diagnosis is reliable, safe, simple, inexpensive, and reduces the number of unnecessary
operations. But confirmation of FNAC diagnosis requires detailed histopathological
examination to rule out vascular or capsular invasion.
Keywords: Thyroid nodule, colloid goitre, Hashimotos thyroiditis, Follicular adenoma.
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