European Journal of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences

ANTIULCER ACTIVITY OF AQUEOUS PULP AND PEEL EXTRACTS OF UNRIPE MUSA PARADISIACA (PLAINTAIN) AT DIFFERENT INCLUSION IN ULCER INDUCED WISTER ALBINO RATS.

Amaralam Eric C., Joel Obinna M., Ajah Obinna and Nnaoma Ikenna E.*

ABSTRACT

Ulcer is a gastrointestinal disorder resulting due to mucosal membrane breach of the alimentary tract, which passes through the muscularis mucosa into the sub-mucosa to cause deeper peptic ulcer diseases. Musa paradisiaca, in addition to its folkloric use in the treatment of peptic ulcers, is also effective in the treatment of diarrhea and vomiting. This present study is aimed at assessing the antiulcer efficacy of unripe Musa paradisiaca (plantain) aqueous pulp and peel extracts at different inclusion in ulcer-induced Wistar albino rats. The plant was extracted using cold extraction method. Forty two Wistar albino rats weighing 105-115g was starved for 24 hours and grouped into seven groups (n= 6) according to their weights. Their abdomen was slightly opened under mild chloroform anaesthesia, and their pylorus carefully lifted and ligated, avoiding any damage to the vascular tissues. After ligation, the stomachs were quickly replaced and the abdomen sutured. Immediately after suturing, groups A, B, C and D received intraperitoneal injection of distilled water (2.0mg/kg body wt.), cimetidine (50.0mg/kg body wt.), pulp extract(100mg/kg body wt.), peel extract (100mg/kg body wt.) respectively, while group E, F and G received different inclusion of pulp extract and peel extract. Acute toxicity test, ulcer index (UI), gastric juice volume, gastric pH and gastric mucus were carried out employing standard methods. The result revealed that doses of the peel and pulp aqueous extract of Musa paradisiaca up to 5000mg/kg resulted to no behavioural changes and mortality to the experimental animals. The result also showed that 75 + 25mg/kg body weight of pulp and peel had the highest percentage ulcer Inhibition followed by 50mg/kg cimetidine, 100mg/kg body weight of pulp, 50 + 50mg/kg of pulp and peel and and 100mg/kg body weight of peel extract while 25+ 75mg/kg body weight of pulp and peel extract had the lowest percentage of ulcer Inhibition. The treated groups significantly reduced the gastric juice volume and pH of the experimental animals when compared to the untreated group except for 25+75mg/kg body weight of pulp and peel extract. Hence, a better reduction of gastric juice volume and pH was peculiar to 75+ 25mg/kg body weight of pulp and peel extract. However, the gastric mucus lowered in 75+ 25mg/kg body weight and 25+75mg/kg body weight of pulp and peel extracts respectively, when compared to other treated groups. This study demonstrates that Inclusion of pulp and peel extracts of Musa paradisiaca at 75+ 25mg/kg body weight exerts antiulcer activities and could be used as pharmaceutical ingredients in the synthesis of antiulcer agents.

Keywords: Antiulcer, Musa paradisiaca, gastrointestine disorder, albino rats.