European Journal of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences

CASE REPORT ON PHENYTOIN INDUCED STEVENS JOHNSON SYNDROME

G. Naveena*, B. Vasanthi, Dr. S. B. Uday Shankar, Nallani Venkata RamaRao

ABSTRACT

Modern day drug therapy for the control of seizures has made great studies in the recent past. The adverse reactions, although rare, still remain a major threat to the patient welfare. Stevens-Johnson syndrome (SJS) is one such fatal drug reactions. “A new eruptive fever with stomatitis and opthalmia” was described as a severe variant of erythema multiforme & was termed by Steven and Johnson in 1922. By the 1940’s it was commonly called as “Steven Johnson’s syndrome (SJS)”. The concept of the spectrum of erythema multiforme has been widely accepted since that time.[1] The overall incidence of Stevens Johnson Syndrome is seen 1 to 6 per million per Year.[2] When more than 30% Body Surface Area sloughing is present, the mortality rate rises to 25%.[3] The incubation period is 4 days to 4 weeks. SJS is characterized by sudden onset, marked constitutional symptoms of high fever, malaise, myalgia, arthralgia and extensive erythema multiforme like lesions and subsequent skin blisters and erosions. Early diagnosis and treatment is associated with favourable prognosis and less incidence of complications.[4] Phenytoin is the most commonly prescribed antiepileptic drug in adults.[5] phenytoin (PHT) was the most common cause of antiepileptic drugs (AEDs)-induced cutaneous adverse reactions.[6]

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