PHYTOCHEMICAL ANALYSIS, ANTIOXIDANT POTENTIAL AND TOXICITY OF THE CRUDE ETHANOLIC EXTRACT OF Piper aduncum
Letícia Assis Vieira de Azevedo Caputo, Ana Luzia Ferreira Farias, Patrick de Castro Cantuária and Sheylla Susan Moreira da Silva de Almeida*
ABSTRACT
The species Piper aduncum, known as Pimenta de Macaco (Monkey Pepper), is used by the Macapá riverside population as an antiseptic, a coagulant for haemorrhages and for the treatment of ulcers and intestinal infections. There are reports of its use also as astringent, antifídico, diuretic and tonic of the uterus. Thus, the present work aims to evaluate the phytochemical profile, toxicity and antioxidants of the leaf of Piper aduncum species. The identification of secondary metabolites was performed through qualitative colorimetric tests. The antioxidant activity was evaluated by the sequestration method of the 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl radical, while the cytotoxic activity was evaluated using Artemia salina. The results revealed the presence of phenols and tannins, organic acids, reducing sugars, saponins, anthraquinones, and alkaloids. The crude ethanoic extract (CEE) presented potent antioxidant activity (IC50de 150,163 μg.mL-1), and high cytotoxic activity against A. salina, with LC50 of 792.83 μg.mL-1.
Keywords: Long pepper, natural products, Amazonian plant.
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