THE USE OF BACILLUS THURINGIENSIS IN THE MANAGEMENT OF LARVICIDE RESISTANCE IN LARVAE OF ANOPHELES GAMBIAE SENSU LATO FROM DOGBO DISTRICT IN COUFFO DEPARTMENT IN SOUTH-WESTERN REPUBLIC OF BENIN, WEST AFRICA
Nazaire Aïzoun*, Arlette Adjatin, Faustin Assongba and Géorcelin Alowanou
ABSTRACT
Background: The use of chemical insecticides causes important damages to environment and human health and there is a need to search for alternative solutions. Objective: This study aims to investigate on the use of Bacillus thuringiensis in the management of larvicide resistance in larvae of Anopheles gambiae sensu lato from Dogbo district in Couffo department in south-western Benin, West Africa. Methodology: Larvae of Anopheles gambiae s.l mosquitoes were collected from breeding sites using the dipping method in June 2020 during the rainy season in Dogbo district. A batch of 20 larvae of four instars were exposed to a mixture of Bacillus thuringiensis with distilled water saturated with oxygen containing in each of five glass jars or test cups of same dimensions contained each 48 ml distilled water saturated with oxygen plus 2 mg of Bacillus thuringiensis and one control jar containing no trace of Bacillus thuringiensis. Larval mortality was recorded after 24 hours, 48 hours and 72hours exposure. Results: The results show that Bacillus thuringiensis acts by poisoning the larvae of four instars which cannot breathe and pupate. Conclusion: The use of Bacillus thuringiensis disallows mosquito larvae to acquire tolerance.
Keywords: Bacillus thuringiensis, siphonal respiration, larvae of Anopheles gambiae s.l., malaria control, Benin.
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