European Journal of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences

PATTERNS OF HEMATOLOGICAL MANIFESTATIONS IN PEOPLE LIVING WITH HUMAN IMMUNE-DEFICIENCY VIRUS (HIV): A DESCRIPTIVE CROSS-SECTIONAL STUDY

Roshan Chhetri*, Vivek Kattel, Manish Subedi, Bhupendra Shah and Purbesh Adhikari

ABSTRACT

Introduction: People living with Human Immune-deficiency Virus can have various clinical presentations. Hematological manifestations are one of the common clinical presentations, but often overlooked in day to day clinical practices. This study is done to find the patterns of hematological abnormalities in people living the Human Immune- deficiency Virus. Methods: One hundred participants were enrolled in this descriptive cross sectional study who were diagnosed as a case of confirmed Human-Immune deficiency Virus infection, from June 2018 to July 2020. All the detail data of various hematological abnormalities from investigations like complete blood count, peripheral smear and other relevant informations like CD4(cluster of differentiation) count, viral load, duration and treatment regime of antiretroviral treatment and staging were recorded after taking ethical clearance from the institute. Statistical analysis was done using Statistical Package for the Social Sciences. Results: We observed almost equal participation of male and female with median age of 39.9 years with mean duration of anti-retroviral therapy for 5.1 years. 62% of study participants had anemia, 21% had leucopenia and 22% had thrombocytopenia. Normocytic normochromic anemia was the most common finding (88%) followed by microcytic anemia (68%) in peripheral smear of blood. Most of the participants (69%) were in WHO stage 1. Most of them (69%) were on Tenofovir based treatment regimen. Conclusion: Young age people living with HIV under treatment have normocytic normochromic to microcytic anemia as the commonest hematological abnormality with normal level of leukocytes and thrombocytes.

Keywords: Anemia; Hematological; Leucopenia; Human Immune-deficiency Virus; Thrombocytopenia.