IMMUNOTHERAPY IN DIFFERENT CANCERS
*Mallam Meghana Goud and Dr. Hajeera Fathima
ABSTRACT
Patients' survival and quality of life have improved significantly as a result of cancer immunotherapy. Immunotherapy has firmly established itself as a novel pillar of cancer care in a variety of cancer types, from the metastatic stage to adjuvant and neoadjuvant settings. We show how the history of cancer immunotherapy paved the path for discoveries that are today considered standard of care in this review paper. We also discuss the present drawbacks and limitations of cancer checkpoint immunotherapy, as well as how cutting-edge research in the fields of tailored cancer vaccines, autoimmunity, the microbiome, the tumour microenvironment, and metabolomics is attempting to address these issues in different cancers like metastatic colorectal cancer, chronic myeloid leukemia, chronic lymphocytic leukemia, multiple myeloma, and graft versus host disease. Cancer immunotherapy employs a variety of ways to boost tumour immunity and marks a paradigm shift in cancer treatment, as attention has shifted from the tumor's origin place to its "biologic passport." Biologic modifiers like cytokines and vaccines, adoptive cell therapies, oncolytic viruses, and antibodies against immune checkpoint inhibitors like the co-inhibitory T-cell receptor PD-1 and one of its ligands, programmed death-ligand 1, are among the various types of cancer immunotherapies discussed here.
Keywords: immune system, adoptive cell therapy, immune checkpoint inhibitors, allogenic stem cell transplantation, haematopoietic stem cell transplantation, immunotherapy.
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