European Journal of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences

EVALUATION OF D-DIMER LEVEL AMONG TYPE 2 DIABETES MELLITUS WITH NEPHROTIC SYNDROM IN SUDAN

Mohammed O. H. Rustom*, Khalid Mohamed Khalid Elussain and Mahdi H. A. Abdalla

ABSTRACT

Diabetes mellitus is a leading cause of vascular morbidity and mortality, early disability, end stage renal diseases, blindness, and non-traumatic limb amputation. Hypercoagulability is one of many complications associated with diabetes mellitus which occurs due to hyperglycemia. Diabetic nephropathy is a serious complication that occurs in 20–40% of all diabetic patients. Plasma level of D-Dimer reflects the amount of lysed fibrin and hence is an accepted marker of hypercoagulability. The aim of this study was to evaluate the plasma D-dimer level in type 2 diabetes mellitus patients with nephrotic syndrome in Sudan. The study included 100 diabetic patients (50 patients with nephropathy and 50 patients without nephropathy). Their D-Dimer level and haemoglobin (Hb) A1c were measured and compared with 100 normal subjects as control. D-Dimer and HbA1c were measured using I-CHROMATM system. 72% of the diabetic patients were uncontrolled with (HbA1c > 8.0 %). Our study revealed higher D-Dimer level among diabetic patients than the control (p value = 0.045). D-Dimer level was significantly higher among diabetic patients with nephrotic syndrome than diabetic patients without nephrotic syndrome (p value = 0.033). There was insignificant correlation between D-Dimer level, and HbA1c level (p value = 0.072). our study concluded that diabetic patients with nephrotic syndrome are associated with higher D-Dimer level, suggesting that hypercoagulability may be an important causative factor of nephrotic syndrome in patients with type 2 diabetes.

Keywords: Diabetes Mellitus, D-Dimer, HbA1c, Hypercoagulability, Nephropathy.