European Journal of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences

A REVIEW STUDY ON THE BIOMATERIALS AND BONE GRAFTS FOR BONE DEFECTS APPLICATIONS

Mustafa Mudhafar*, H. A. Alsailawi, Hussein A. Raheem and Ruaa K. Mohammed

ABSTRACT

The graft of bones were used widely to treat the defects of the bones. Bone defects may occur for several reasons, such as injuries, illnesses, surgical interventions, and accidents, some of which may heal on their own. Bone substitutes have been widely used in plastic surgery, oral, maxillofacial, dental, and orthopaedic surgery, making it one of the most implanted tissues in the medical field. The purpose of this study was to review experimental and clinical experiences about the use of graft materials to treat the defects of the bone. From the database that were published about the experimental techniques to produce this materials and their clinical applications for them, they present the key data about the use of an induced grafts materials to address critical bone size defect of bones. The use of an induced membrane to treat critical sized bone defects of the limbs is a simple, reliable and reproducible technique. Certain technical steps should be pointed out and observed with great caution in order to avoid any pitfalls. This technique will probably be a key step for facilitating bone inclusion of new bone substitutes proposed by recent bioengineering.

Keywords: Bone grafts, bone defect, Bone tissues engineering.