European Journal of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences

CONTRIBUTION OF ANIMAL MODELS IN PHARMACOLOGY AND IN VARIOUS DISEASES: A BRIEF HISTORY

Dr. Virendra Kushwaha*, Dr. Pooja Agrawal, Dr. Vipul Shukla, Dr. Ranju Kushwaha, Dr. Tanvi Azmi

ABSTRACT

Animals have been used in drug development since the era of Aristotle. All the drugs developed till now have been used in animals to test their safety and efficacy before applying to humans. Even for establishing the safety of surgical procedures, first, they have been applied to animals since 12th century by Moorish Spain. Due to opposition by animal lover activists and other organisations ARRIVE (Animal Research: Reporting of In Vivo Experiments) guidelines were established in 2010. Animal research has a very important role in drug development for various diseases, even many scientists have been awarded Nobel prizes for drug development with the use of animals. Total elimination of animal testing will significantly set back the development of drugs and treatment, So we should use animals in Biomedical research by following rules and regulations, and if possible we should use computer-based models and mathematical models for real-time monitoring of drug effects.

Keywords: Animal model, Drug discovery, Nobel prize, Biomedical research.