European Journal of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences

DIFFERENTIAL ROLES OF TANNIN – RICH EXTRACT OF CHASMANTHERA DEPENDENS IN MODULATING PIROXICAM INDUCED ELECTROLYTE IMBALANCE IN RATS

Stephanie Abiola Tijani, Bimbola Funmilayo Akin – Akanbi* and Bayo Olufunso Adeoye

ABSTRACT

The clinical applications of piroxicam are often limited due to its associated renal toxicity. Electrolyte imbalance resulting from piroxicam regimen is often considered a mechanism of its toxic responses in the kidney. Chasmanthera dependens is a plant that is well reputed for its remarkable pharmacological properties. However, its effect on drug induced electrolyte imbalance is unknown. Thirty two (32) adult male Wistar rats (weighing 110-150 g) were grouped randomly into four (n=8) as follows; Group 1 (0.5 ml of normal saline {0.9 percent v/v}), group II (20 mg/kg piroxicam), group III (20 mg/kg piroxicam + 200 mg/kg TRECDS), group IV (20 mg/kg piroxicam + 400 mg/kg TRECDS). Piroxicam and TRECDS were administered using oral cannula. Animals were sacrificed after 10 days of treatment using cervical dislocation. The kidney tissues were excised, and homogenized in phosphate buffer. Malondialdehyde (MDA) level, glutathione (GSH) activity, total protein, albumin, Calcium, sodium, potassium, and bicarbonate were analysed using standard methods. Data were analysed using statistical package for social science (version 20.0). Significance was set at p< 0.05. Piroxicam administration significantly (p<0.05) increased the lipid peroxidation, altered calcium, sodium, potassium, phosphorus and bicarbonate concentrations in the kidney. However, treatment with TRECDS significantly (p<0.05) ameliorated lipid peroxidation, curtailed electrolyte imbalance dose dependently, except for sodium and bicarbonate levels. The Tannin – rich extract of C. dependens was nephroprotective through remarkable antioxidative and reversal of electrolyte imbalance. Further study is needed to elucidate the actual compounds eliciting these properties.

Keywords: Piroxicam, Kidney, electrolyte, Chasmanthera dependens.