European Journal of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences

IMPRESSION OF IGG AND IGM ANTIBODIES IN AUTO-IMMUNE DISEASES V/S SEVERE COVID-19 INFECTION

Syed Jaffer*, Juveria Siddiqua, Shifa Harmeen, Syed Muneb Ahmed, Hafsa Samreen and Anupama Koneru

ABSTRACT

The purpose of this study is to evaluate the impression of IgG and IgM antibodies in autoimmune v/s severe COVID-19 infection. The objectives were to compare the levels of IgG and IgM antibodies in autoimmune and COVID-19 infection and to study the relationship between the duration of disease and levels of IgG and IgM. It was a retrospective observational study, carried out in inpatient wards of Continental Hospitals, Hyderabad, for a period of 6 months. The laboratory parameters and pharmacotherapy details were collected in the pre-designed annexure form. This observational retrospective study was done among 67 patients in tertiary care hospital in Hyderabad. In this study, the total study population was divided into two groups –Patients diagnosed with at least one autoimmune disease (Group I). Patients diagnosed with Severe COVID-19 infection in our study (Group II). Infants and neonates are excluded from our study. significant difference was seen in the mean of IgG between group I and group II patients. The IgG levels were found to be significantly higher in autoimmune diseases when compared with that of severe covid-19 infections. The significant difference was seen in the mean of IgM between group I and group II patients. IgM levels were found to be significantly higher in autoimmune diseases when compared with that of severe COVID-19. We conclude that autoimmune diseases are more prevalent in women of child-bearing age. IgG and IgM levels were found to be increased with increase in severity in both autoimmune disease and coronavirus disease. Hence, IgG and IgM antibody test may be useful as effective predictors in diagnosis and severity of autoimmune disease and severe coronavirus disease.

Keywords: Autoimmune, Covid-19, SLE, RA, IgM, IgG, Immune system.