European Journal of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences

A COMPARATIVE STUDY TO FIND THE PREGNANCY AND FETAL OUTCOME AMONG FIRSTHAND SMOKING PREGNANT WOMEN AND SECONDHAND SMOKING PREGNANT WOMEN.

Dr. Darling B. Jiji*, Bazil Alfred Benjamin, Latha S. Kannan and Dr. Eman M. Gaber Hassan

ABSTRACT

Background: Maternal smoking during pregnancy is directly linked to several adverse birth outcomes, including low birth weight[1] placental absorption, infant mortality, preterm birth, and various congenital disabilities.[2] Aim of the study: The aim of the study was to compare the pregnancy and fetal outcome of firsthand smoking pregnant women and fetal outcome of secondhand smoking pregnant women. Materials and methods: A comparative study was used to find the pregnancy and fetal outcome among firsthand smoking pregnant women and secondhand smoking pregnant women in a selected hospital of Kota, Udupi. Non-probability purposive sampling technique was used to select the samples. The sample size was 60 firsthand smoking pregnant women and 60 secondhand smoking pregnant women. Data was collected using structured interview schedule. Results: Findings of this study showed that the pregnancy outcome among firsthand smoking pregnant women were 18.3% women had abortion (p=0.0188), 15% women had antepartum hemorrhage (p=0.0056), 10% women had premature rupture of membrane (p=0.4882), and 10% women had infection (p=0.4882). The pregnancy outcome is highly significant among the firsthand smoking pregnant women than the secondhand smoking pregnant women. The fetal outcome among the firsthand smoking pregnant women were; 15% had preterm labor, 10% had birth defect, 18% had asphyxia, 3.3% had IUGR, 18.3% low birth weight and 31.7% had neonatal jaundice. Whereas the pregnancy outcome among secondhand smoking pregnant women were only 3.3% women had abortion, no women had antepartum hemorrhage, 5% women had premature rupture of membrane, and 5% women had infection. The fetal outcome among the secondhand smoking pregnant women were 1.7% had preterm labor, 5% had birth defect, 3.3% had asphyxia, 1.7% had IUGR, 3.3% low birth weight and 25% had neonatal jaundice. There was significant association in pregnancy and fetal outcome among firsthand smoking pregnant women and secondhand smoking pregnant women. Conclusion: The study concluded that the pregnancy and fetal outcome of firsthand smoking pregnant women and fetal outcome of secondhand smoking pregnant women in a selected hospital of Kota, Udupi carried out, the study was found to be effective and evidenced by the significant changes in pregnancy and fetal outcome among firsthand smoking pregnant women and secondhand smoking pregnant women.

Keywords: Firsthand smoking pregnant women, Secondhand smoking pregnant women, Pregnancy outcome, Fetal outcome, Smoking, Tobacco.