European Journal of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences

PLANT HORMONE AND ITS IMPORTANCE IN FRUIT SCIENCE

Bahadur Lal*

ABSTRACT

Plant hormones, also known as phytohormones, are chemical messengers that regulate various physiological processes in plants. In the context of fruit science, plant hormones play a crucial role in the growth, development, and ripening of fruits. This abstract provides an overview of plant hormones and their importance in fruit science. Auxins, such as indole-3-acetic acid (IAA), promote fruit growth by regulating cell division and elongation. They are involved in fruit set, fruit size determination, and the formation of parthenocarpic fruits (seedless fruits). Cytokinins are involved in cell division and differentiation, and they interact with auxins to regulate fruit development. They influence fruit enlargement, delay fruit senescence, and enhance fruit quality attributes. Gibberellins promote fruit growth and elongation by stimulating cell division and elongation. They also regulate fruit set and seed development. Gibberellins have been used in agriculture to increase fruit size and improve fruit quality. Plant hormones play a vital role in fruit science by regulating various aspects of fruit growth, development, ripening, and postharvest characteristics. Their interactions and balance determine fruit size, quality attributes, and responses to environmental stimuli. Further research on plant hormones in fruit science holds significant potential for improving fruit production, enhancing fruit quality, and reducing postharvest losses, thus benefiting the agricultural industry and consumers alike.

Keywords: Plant, Hormone, Auxins, Cytokinins, Environmental.