European Journal of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences

PHYTOCHEMISTRY, TRADITIONAL USES AND BIOLOGICAL ACTIVITIES FIG (FICUS CARICA L.) FAMILY (MORACEAE)–A BRIEF REVIEW

Vijaykumar M.*, Sampath Kumar T., Jothimanivannan C., Gnanavel S., Rajaguru A., Nandhkumar D. and Veeraselvan V.

ABSTRACT

The fig, ficus carica is a species of tiny tree in the flowering plant family moraceae that is indigenous Mediterranean region. The Mediterranean region, as well as Asia's west and south. There have cultivated since antiquity and currently widely cultivated all over the world. Figs, among other fruits and leaves, are significant nutrients, including as vitamins, minerals, carbohydrates, and amino acids. And due to the phytochemical makeup, they have negative health impacts. a variety of bioactive substances such flavonoids (flavonols), phenolic compounds (phenolic acids), extracted from the F. carica fruits and leaves, which are the primary components of the manufacturing of a variety of alcoholic drinks, including wine, liqueur, and spirit. This chapter seeks to review the various biological and chemical traits discovered and spirits that people have ingested and been aware of throughout history. Among others, coumarins, sterols, volatiles (monoterpenes, sesquiterpenes, norisoprenoids, ketones, alcohols, esters, etc.), coumarins, flavones, and anthocyanins, as well as others, have been studied. This chapter seeks to review the various biological and chemical traits discovered and spirits) that people have ingested and been aware of throughout history. Traditional medicine has employed the plant to treat a number of conditions, includings cancer, inflammation, and gastrointestinal issues. The therapeutic actions are antibacterial, hypolipidemic, and hypoglycemia action. different disorders such as respiratory (sore throats, cough, andbronchial problems). It is one of the traditional Mediterranean species belonging to the family of Moraceae. Which is widely seen in the regions of sub-tropical and tropical countries. In vitro and in vivo studies has reported that figs fruits, leaves, stem, and latex have health management effect via antioxidant, anti-spasmodic, antimicrobial, anticarcinogenic and many more other effects.

Keywords: Ficus caria, Fig, edible Fig, fig tree, phytochemistry, pharmacological activities.